Impermanent Loss Calculator
Use our free Impermanent Loss Calculator to model AMM liquidity pool risk when token prices diverge from your entry ratio.
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How It Works
Enter initial token amounts, initial prices, and current prices for a two token liquidity pool position. Impermanent loss measures how much providing liquidity underperforms simply holding the same tokens when prices diverge. Example: fifty fifty ETH and USDC pool when ETH doubles produces IL even though total pool value rose. Constant product pools on Uniswap V2 style AMMs follow x times y equals k invariant. When price ratio doubles, IL near five point seven percent before fees on fifty fifty pool. Five x price move produces roughly twenty five percent IL. Liquidity providers on volatile pairs during trend regimes often experience IL that exceeds fee income for months until volume spikes or mean reversion occurs. Model break even fee APR as IL percent divided by expected pool share of fees. Before depositing into volatile pair pool estimate fee APR required to break even on IL at your expected price divergence using IL output plus pool volume data from analytics dashboard. Pool share of total liquidity determines fraction of fee income accruing to your LP position relative to competing providers in same pool contract.
Review impermanent loss percentage, value if held versus value in pool, and fee income needed to break even on IL. IL increases with price divergence between paired assets. Stablecoin pairs show minimal IL. Volatile pairs need substantial trading fees to compensate liquidity providers. Stable pair USDC DAI pools show negligible IL but lower fee APR. ETH BTC pairs show moderate IL with higher fee potential during volatile rotation regimes. Impermanent loss is path dependent: round trip price return to deposit ratio eliminates IL at exit while trend persistence crystallizes IL at withdrawal. Compare LP outcome to holding tokens in cold storage plus selling covered calls on single asset as alternative structured yield approach with different risk profile. Fee tier and pool volume determine whether accumulated fees exceed IL magnitude before withdrawal decision.
Concentrated liquidity positions on Uniswap V3 change the IL profile versus full range V2 style pools modeled here. LP deposits earn fee tier APR that accrues continuously: compare your liquidity share of pool volume against the IL estimate before committing capital. Impermanent loss stays unrealized until you withdraw. Price reversion toward your deposit ratio before exit can reduce or eliminate realized IL. Track pool fee APR and volume trends alongside IL math when timing LP withdrawals.
Use Impermanent Loss Calculator whenever inputs change: after market moves, new contributions, or revised personal assumptions. Bookmark the page for quick reruns without installing software.
Step by step
- Enter initial and current prices and token amounts for both pool assets
- Review impermanent loss percent and held versus pooled value comparison
- Estimate fee income required to offset IL at your pool fee tier
Worked example
Enter initial token amounts, initial prices, and current prices for a two token liquidity pool position. Enter the sample inputs described in How it works to reproduce the scenario step by step.
Adjust one input at a time to see sensitivity. Impermanent Loss Calculator updates instantly so you can stress test optimistic and conservative assumptions before acting.
When to use this calculator
Reach for Impermanent Loss Calculator when model amm liquidity pool risk when token prices diverge from your entry ratio.. It suits quick what if analysis before trades, allocation changes, or plan updates.
Pair with related tools when the decision spans taxes, liquidity, or multi year projections beyond what one formula captures.
Common mistakes
Copying outputs without checking input units or stale market prices is a frequent error with Impermanent Loss Calculator. Confirm tickers, percentages, and dates before acting.
Running a single baseline scenario ignores tail risks. Stress test with conservative inputs and compare against related tools listed below when the decision is material.
The Formula
priceRatio = (1 + priceChangeA/100) / (1 + priceChangeB/100)
impermanentLossPct = |2 × sqrt(priceRatio) / (1 + priceRatio) - 1| × 100
valueHeld = weightA × (1 + priceChangeA/100) + weightB × (1 + priceChangeB/100)
valueInPool = valueHeld × 2 × sqrt(priceRatio) / (1 + priceRatio)
Constant product AMM impermanent loss formula. Fifty fifty initial allocation assumed. Does not include fee income, reward tokens, or gas costs. IL formula assumes fifty fifty deposit and constant product curve. Gas costs for enter and exit not included. Fee income must exceed IL for net positive LP outcome. Reward token emissions add separate yield line not modeled here. Withdraw LP position when fee income exceeds cumulative IL if exit timing aligns with portfolio rebalance policy.
Limitations and assumptions
Constant product AMM impermanent loss formula. Fifty fifty initial allocation assumed. Does not include fee income, reward tokens, or gas costs. IL formula assumes fifty fifty deposit and constant product curve. Gas costs for enter and exit not included. Fee income must exceed IL for net positive LP outcome. Reward token emissions add separate yield line not modeled here. Withdraw LP position when fee income exceeds cumulative IL if exit timing aligns with portfolio rebalance policy. Impermanent Loss Calculator does not replace personalized advice. Fees, slippage, account specific rules, and behavioral constraints may change real world outcomes.
Key terms
- What causes impermanent loss
- Impermanent loss occurs when relative prices of pooled tokens change from deposit time.
- How is impermanent loss calculated
- IL percentage grows nonlinearly with price ratio change.
- Model assumption
- Fees earned by liquidity providers may exceed IL over time in high volume pools.
Compare alternatives
Compare DeFi staking yields with Staking Real Yield and compounded returns with APY Calculator on portfolios. Use those calculators when impermanent loss calculator alone does not capture the full decision.
Internal links on portfolios.tools help you chain calculators: run Impermanent Loss Calculator first, then validate edge cases with a specialized tool from the related section below.
FAQ
What causes impermanent loss?
Impermanent loss occurs when relative prices of pooled tokens change from deposit time. AMM formula rebalances pool automatically, selling appreciated asset and buying depreciated one. IL compares LP value to HODL value of initial deposit at current prices. Fee income is additive. Net LP return equals HODL plus fees minus IL magnitude. HODL benchmark compares portfolio value of initial token quantities at current spot prices versus value embedded in LP shares including accumulated fees.
How is impermanent loss calculated?
IL percentage grows nonlinearly with price ratio change. Doubling of one asset price produces roughly five point seven percent IL in constant product pools before fees. Concentrated liquidity on Uniswap V3 changes IL profile versus full range V2 style pool modeled here. IL grows faster than linear as price ratio deviates from one. Five percent IL at two x ratio can become twenty five percent IL near five x ratio on constant product curve.
When does impermanent loss become permanent?
Fees earned by liquidity providers may exceed IL over time in high volume pools. Compare IL estimate to expected fee APR at pool volume and your share of liquidity. Reward token emissions can offset IL temporarily but emission sell pressure may compress reward token price over time. Gauge fee APR using pool volume times fee tier times your liquidity share divided by your deposited value annualized.
What does the weight parameter do?
IL is unrealized until you withdraw liquidity. Price reversion toward deposit ratio reduces IL. Concentrated liquidity positions have different loss profiles than standard fifty fifty pools. Withdraw during price reversion toward deposit ratio to minimize realized IL. V3 concentrated ranges amplify IL within chosen band when price exits range entirely. Mean reversion toward deposit price ratio reduces unrealized IL before withdrawal if volatility mean reverts without permanent trend shift.
What related tools should I use?
Use Staking Real Yield to compare DeFi staking returns. Use APY Calculator for compounded yield on fee income. Compare staking real yield on single asset staking as alternative passive crypto income. Single sided staking avoids IL entirely at cost of forgoing LP fee stream. Compare net LP return to staking single asset when choosing between DeFi yield sources on same token pair exposure.
How do I use the Impermanent Loss Calculator on a phone or tablet?
Yes. Impermanent Loss Calculator runs entirely in your mobile browser with the same formulas as desktop. Optional localStorage may remember inputs on your device when enabled in browser settings.
Where is my data stored when I use Impermanent Loss Calculator?
Nowhere on our servers. Calculations execute locally in your browser. Optional localStorage saves form fields on your device only and never transmits portfolio numbers over the network.
Should I rely on Impermanent Loss Calculator for tax or legal decisions?
No. Impermanent Loss Calculator provides educational math only. Tax law, account rules, and personal circumstances vary. Consult a qualified tax or legal professional before transactions with material consequences.
Related Tools
Compare DeFi staking yields with Staking Real Yield and compounded returns with APY Calculator on portfolios.tools when evaluating whether LP fee income exceeds impermanent loss. Compare single asset staking with Staking Real Yield and fiat cash drag with Inflation Erosion on portfolios.tools when evaluating DeFi LP versus simpler yield sources. Stack Staking Real Yield, APY Calculator, and Inflation Erosion on portfolios.tools for full DeFi versus fiat yield comparison workflow. Explore Staking Real Yield and APY Calculator on portfolios.tools for DeFi yield comparison workflows beyond impermanent loss estimation alone today.